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How can those with ADHD improve their reaction times?

Charles Li, MD
August 23, 2023

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Those with ADHD have slower reaction times, and it's not necessarily due to lower intelligence.
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Incentives and rewards can potentially improve reaction time among those with ADHD.
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ADHD medication, particularly Ritalin, may improve reaction time as well.

Intelligence doesn't necessarily improve reaction time.

Studies have consistently shown that those with ADHD think, react, and process information slower. However, this isn't necessarily linked to or caused by differences in intelligence. Being smarter doesn't necessarily mean someone thinks faster.

One study showed that nearly half of highly intelligent children with ADHD processed information much slower than usual.

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Executive function impairments in high IQ children and adolescents with ADHD

Incentives can improve reaction times

Incentives and rewards can potentially improve reaction times for those with ADHD.

One study below confirmed that those with ADHD have slower reaction times. However, when they were given performance incentives, their reaction times improved.

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Article Summary:
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Children with ADHD tended to have a broader range of reaction times compared to children without ADHD. Overall, they also had slower reaction times compared to children without ADHD. However, when children with ADHD were incentivized, their reaction times improved.
ADHD: Reaction Time and Incentives

Test speed and rewards can improve reaction time in ADHD

How a task or challenge is structured can affect reaction times for those with ADHD. Providing rewards and keeping things exciting can help improve reaction times.

The study below found that increasing the event rate and potentially making a test more exciting may improve reaction times. Those with ADHD were shown to respond better to faster event rates.

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Article Summary:
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The results showed that children with ADHD had much more variability in the response times than children without ADHD. Those with ADHD had a wider range of response times on various tests covering working memory, attention, and response inhibition. These results suggest that response time variability is a core effect of ADHD, consistent with previous studies on response time.
ADHD and Response Time Variability

ADHD medication may improve reaction times.

ADHD medications have been shown to improve reaction time potentially. One study of healthy adults found that those who were given Ritalin reacted faster to stop signals on a cognitive test. They also had less reaction time variability suggesting more attentiveness.

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Article Summary:
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The results showed that methylphenidate was uniquely effective in improving response inhibition. They took less time to respond to inhibition signals and showed less variability in their results, an effect that is linked to better attention.
Ritalin, reaction time, and response inhibition in healthy adults

Key Takeaways

While ADHD is linked with slower reaction times, there are ways to improve it.

Patients with ADHD tend to respond well to rewards. Incentivizing efficiency and exemplary performance can potentially improve reaction times. Motivating ourselves to study or take on a challenge with rewards may be worth trying.

Additionally, keeping things exciting may improve reaction times as well. Study methods that use speed, for example, flashcards, may work better than slower methods, such as reading a textbook, for those with ADHD.